Overview

The Economics of Sustainability Programme seeks to understand the economy and environment as a deeply interlinked complex system and is working to gain insights into how the human economic part of this integrated system might be transformed to become more sustainable.

Economics has often viewed the economy and Earth's physical and ecological systems as separate domains. It frequently does not account for the economy's need for energy and material inputs and views pollution as an "externality." The Economics of Sustainability Programme is attempting to understand the economy and environment as a deeply interlinked complex system and is working to gain insights into how the human economic part of this integrated system might be transformed to become more sustainable. The programme is looking at new ways to take into account natural capital, measure wealth creation, stimulate green technology innovation, and assess climate and economic risk. It is also looking at new methods of modelling economy-ecosystem interactions to better understand the impact of climate policies on economic growth, employment, and political economy, and to understand socioeconomic tipping points and dynamic effects in the transition to a post-carbon society. The programme is also examining the institutional innovations needed to transition to a sustainable economy. The programme is directed by Prof. Cameron Hepburn and is conducted in partnership with Oxford's Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment.

Related Projects


Recent Publications

Feb 2026
Press Release
Feb 2026
Journal
Virtuous and vicious cycles in the energy transition
in nature reviews clean technology
Max Collett ,  Pete Barbrook-Johnson ,  Jan Rosenow ,  Simon Sharpe ,  Michael Grubb
Jan 2026
Working Paper
Manipulation in Prediction Markets: An Agent-based Modeling Experiment
Bridget Smart ,  Ebba Mark ,  Anne Bastian ,  Josefina Waugh
Jan 2026
INET Working Paper
Dec 2025
Journal
Quantifying the health-care burden of temperature in the National Health Service in England: an economic analysis of resource use and costs
in The Lancet Planetary Health
Patrick Fahr ,  François Cohen ,  Jessica Schiff ,  Anant Jani ,  Mateo Petel ,  Malcolm McCulloch ,  Radhika Khosla ,  Rafael Perera-Salazar
Nov 2025
Journal
Nov 2025
INET Working Paper
Nov 2025
Journal
Informed investments in clean energy technologies
in Nature Energy
Jessika E. Trancik ,  Erin Baker ,  Gregory Nemet ,  Magdalena M. Klemun ,  Rebecca J. Hanes ,  Kavita Surana ,  Douglas J. Arent ,  Samuel F. Baldwin ,  Steven A. Gabriel ,  Steven W. Popper ,  Valentina Bosetti ,  Max Henrion ,  Giacomo Marangoni ,  Rupert Way
Nov 2025
Working Paper
Beyond Green Jobs - Advancing Metrics and Modeling Approaches for a Changing Labor Market
Penny Mealy ,  Joris Bucker ,  Fernanda Senra de Moura ,  Camilla Knudsen
Oct 2025
Blog
Americans are adapting to a warmer world — trading winter heat for summer cooling
François Cohen ,  Matthieu Glachant ,  Magnus Söderberg
Oct 2025
INET Working Paper
Sept 2025
Working Paper
Five Frictions: Key Labor Market Barriers to Unlocking Job Growth in the Green Transition
Camilla Knudsen ,  Fernanda Senra de Moura ,  Joris Bucker ,  Penny Mealy
Sept 2025
Journal
Sept 2025
Journal
Health losses attributed to anthropogenic climate change
in Nature Climate Change
Colin J. Carlson ,  Dann Mitchell ,  Rory Gibb ,  Rupert Stuart-Smith ,  Tamma Carleton ,  Torre E. Lavelle ,  Catherine A. Lippi ,  Megan Lukas-Sithole ,  Michelle A. North ,  Sadie J. Ryan ,  Dorcas Stella Shumba ,  Matthew Chersich ,  Mark New ,  Christopher H. Trisos
Sept 2025
INET Working Paper
Aug 2025
Journal
Aug 2025
Policy Briefing
Aug 2025
Journal
A method to identify positive tipping points to accelerate low-carbon transitions and actions to trigger them
in Sustainability Science
Timothy M. Lenton ,  Thomas W. R. Powell ,  Steven R. Smith ,  Frank W. Geels ,  Floor Alkemade ,  Martina Ayoub ,  Pete Barbrook-Johnson ,  Scarlett Benson ,  Fenna Blomsma ,  Chris A. Boulton ,  Joshua E. Buxton ,  Sara M. Constantino ,  Sibel Eker ,  Kai Greenlees ,  Thomas Homer‑Dixon ,  Kelly Levin ,  Michael B. Mascia ,  Femke Nijsse ,  Ilona M. Otto ,  Viktoria Spaiser ,  Simon Sharpe ,  Talia Smith
Aug 2025
Journal
The revised oxford principles for net zero aligned carbon offsetting
in Environmental Research Letters
Injy Johnstone ,  Myles Allen ,  Kaya Axelsson ,  Ben Caldecott ,  Nick Eyre ,  Samuel Fankhauser ,  Thomas Hale ,  Cameron Hepburn ,  Conor Hickey ,  Stuart Jenkins ,  Radhika Khosla ,  Stephen Lezak ,  Alison Smith ,  Stephen M. Smith ,  Audrey Wagner
Aug 2025
Press Release
Aug 2025
Journal
United Nations Environment Assembly attendees underestimate public willingness to contribute to climate action
in communications earth & environment
Ximeng Fang ,  Joshua Ettinger ,  Stefania Innocenti
Jul 2025
INET Working Paper
No. 2025-06 - Systems thinking in UK environmental policy making
Pete Barbrook-Johnson ,  Domenica Cox ,  Alexandra S. Penn
Jul 2025
Journal
Economic models and frameworks to guide climate policy
in Oxford Review of Economic Policy
Cameron Hepburn ,  Matthew C. Ives ,  Sam Loni ,  Penny Mealy ,  Pete Barbrook-Johnson ,  J. Doyne Farmer ,  Nicholas Stern ,  Joseph Stiglitz
Jul 2025
Report
The UK State of Carbon Dioxide Removal
Christopher Lomax ,  Stephen M. Smith ,  Rob Bellamy ,  Astha Wagle
Jul 2025
Journal
How to design better incentives for carbon capture and storage in the United States
in PNAS
Sheila M. Olmstead ,  Benjamin D. Leibowicz ,  Charles F. Mason ,  Andrew R. Waxman ,  Emily Grubert ,  HR Huber-Rodriguez ,  Joseph Stemmler
Jul 2025
Journal
The autonomous adaptation of US homes to changing temperatures
in Journal of Economic Geography
François Cohen ,  Matthieu Glachant ,  Magnus Söderberg
Jul 2025
Policy Briefing
The innovation race on geological carbon removal: who is best placed to lead?
Esin Serin ,  Josh Burke ,  Siyu Feng ,  Maxwell Read ,  Ram Smaran Suresh Kumar
Jun 2025
Video
Jun 2025
Working Paper
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Who's Involved